Which fairness concept refers to the fairness of the distribution of outcomes in hiring or promotion decisions?

• A. Procedural fairness
• B. Interactional fairness
• C. Brand
• D. Distributive fairness

Answer: (D)

Distributive fairness focuses on whether the results of a decision, such as who gets hired or who is promoted, are allocated in a fair way based on relevant factors like qualifications, performance, and experience. In hiring and promotion, this means applying the same criteria to all candidates and ensuring that differences in outcomes reflect true differences in ability or effort rather than bias or arbitrary preference. If two equally qualified candidates end up with very different results without a justifiable reason, that undermines distributive fairness. The other terms describe different aspects of fairness: procedural fairness is about how the decision is made and whether the process is fair and consistent; interactional fairness concerns the respect and transparency shown in communication during the process; brand isn’t a fairness concept at all.